Physical raw-pulse verification
As-tested apparatus, raw integer evidence, event stamping, independent hardware counters, Pi bridge and sealed proof records.
Current physical boundary
LM555CN physical oscillator
↓
real electrical voltage transitions
↓
1 kΩ signal path
↓
┌──────┴──────┐
↓ ↓
Arduino A Arduino B
Timer1 D5/T1 Timer1 D5/T1
shadow count event stamper v3
↓
Pi bridge v1.1
↓
EVENT + rawPulse
The apparatus removes the requirement to trust a software simulation for the existence of the underlying pulse events.
Arduino and Pi firmware remain software and are therefore preserved, hashed and independently inspectable.
As-tested apparatus
SW 28 · 2026
Southwest · Saturn · Earth · 2026
Legacy reference · 2026-08-30
As-tested wiring contract
LM555CN
PIN 1 → GND
PIN 2 ─┐
├── joined
PIN 6 ─┘
PIN 3 → output
PIN 4 → +5 V normal running
PIN 5 → unused
PIN 7 → resistor junction
PIN 8 → +5 V
TIMING NETWORK
+5 V
│
10 kΩ
│
PIN 7
│
100 kΩ
│
PIN 2 + PIN 6
│
0.1 µF
│
GND
COUNTER SIGNAL
LM555 PIN 3
│
1 kΩ
│
├── Arduino A D5 / T1
└── Arduino B D5 / T1
Arduino A GND ── Arduino B GND ── LM555 GND
Arduino A 5 V X Arduino B 5 V
NO direct 5 V rail tie.
Arduino B supplies LM555 5 V / GND in the as-tested rig.
Proof ledger
| Stage | Test | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 3 | LM555 physical raw-pulse proof | PASS |
| 4 | Physical event stamping | PASS |
| 5 | Timer1 16-bit rollover continuity | PASS |
| 6 | Dual independent hardware counters | PASS |
| 7 | Physical source stop / resume | PASS |
| 8 | Independent event-stamp witnessing | PASS |
| 9 | Identity cannot manufacture raw edges | PASS |
| 10 | Pi physical evidence bridge v1.1 | PASS |
| 11 | Bridge cannot manufacture raw evidence | PASS |
Stage 3 · LM555 physical raw-pulse proof · PASS
RAW_COUNT_A = 30 RAW_COUNT_B = 247 DELTA_RAW_EDGES = 217 SOURCE = LM555CN COUNTER = Arduino B ATmega328P Timer1 D5/T1
Stage 4 · Physical event stamper · PASS
RAW_START = 30 IO_WEST = 173 MINTAKA_TRANSIT = 317 SOL_OBSERVATION = 460 DELTAS = 143, 144, 143 EVENT_INPUT = identity only
Stage 5 · Timer1 rollover · PASS
LAST BELOW:
63412 = 0x0000F7B4
BOUNDARY:
0x0000FFFF
↓
0x00010000
FIRST OBSERVED ABOVE:
67639 = 0x00010837
OBSERVED DELTA = 4227 physical edges
RAW SHA-256: c23bb743d2c87a7a64d55aa940d06c87ce46cd94f016f7ec5c72cc25d1193537
PASS SHA-256: cb54086d4159612382be42a3cd2cdc0c01d8c0efaca6e2c3f1fd8bee5c4e850f
Stage 6 · Dual independent counters · PASS
A = 99,454,808,1163,1517,1872,2227,2581,2936 B = 101,456,810,1165,1520,1874,2229,2583,2938 MAX INTERVAL DISAGREEMENT = 1 edge
A RAW SHA-256: 5ead086889c5cd4d1a0edae8f6b53616c9adf8bfb010af0ddafefa90d8c017e8
B RAW SHA-256: 37c4075c17623d7c7a2004074c914f5f86c8d6f31ffc7349d016a07c0f6ea0d5
PASS SHA-256: 6d17c9375f27e2e95b3e6fd7381b63609f51c041904f287dc753aa7da5c94fa7
Stage 7 · Physical source stop / resume · PASS
A STOPPED: 5280 → 5280 → 5280 → 5280 B STOPPED: 5282 → 5282 → 5282 → 5282 SOURCE RESTORED: A: 6172 → 6386 → 6600 B: 6171 → 6385 → 6599
PASS SHA-256: 5b562341dae8f9e4afb6853d84553993d6e854ce550c3aad6b5dcdfab69417f2
Stage 8 · Independent event witness · PASS
IO_WEST: A 242 → B 262 → A 278 EUROPA_WEST: A 421 → B 441 → A 457 GANYMEDE_WEST: A 600 → B 620 → A 636 MINTAKA_TRANSIT: A 779 → B 799 → A 815 SOL_OBSERVATION: A 958 → B 978 → A 994 Every B stamp landed inside the independent A bracket.
PASS SHA-256: 347369a538aad1f670c659d47e13497ff6a718d0275b1e9e04cef3b6affaf2e1
Stage 9 · Identity cannot create raw evidence · PASS
LM555 STOPPED ARDUINO A: 3549 repeated unchanged across seven observations ARDUINO B: IO_WEST 3548 EUROPA_WEST 3548 GANYMEDE_WEST 3548 MINTAKA_TRANSIT 3548 SOL_OBSERVATION 3548 RAW ADVANCE = 0
PASS SHA-256: 42c98aaf4b17d8bd0215458363471039d39b63b35c547ff0bfca1cb1eca3fbf2
Stage 10 · Pi physical event/evidence bridge · PASS
A8_PHYSICAL_EVIDENCE_BRIDGE_V1_1_READY INPUT=EVENT_IDENTITY_ONLY OUTPUT=EVENT,rawPulse,rawHex IO_WEST 18371 IO_EAST 18372 EUROPA_WEST 18372 EUROPA_EAST 18373 GANYMEDE_WEST 18373 GANYMEDE_EAST 18374 MINTAKA_TRANSIT 18374 SOL_OBSERVATION 18375
Failed v1 preserved: initial serial-wait implementation hung and was replaced rather than hidden.
FAILED V1 SHA-256: 34e24c7ba9670b65d1d24a41e1fa548159fdbc87c93105356de252218195d08b
BRIDGE V1.1 SOURCE SHA-256: 6a88ccb627b4ec02dc02110c195b5d2e33e894c804fe1ee3c93be904828c9dc4
PASS SHA-256: 40ed17a4d73719328a4a6958c306570cb2273a8b4250ef345fbb9dc523ef8438
Stage 11 · Bridge cannot create raw evidence · PASS
LM555 STOPPED IO_WEST 30020 IO_EAST 30020 EUROPA_WEST 30020 EUROPA_EAST 30020 GANYMEDE_WEST 30020 GANYMEDE_EAST 30020 MINTAKA_TRANSIT 30020 SOL_OBSERVATION 30020 COMMON RAW HEX = 0x00007544 RAW ADVANCE = 0
RAW SHA-256: 7cb77f9b5edce0db5589787600828cf7b4e04a0ea6bf51fb74c0be8b87dc90ae
PASS SHA-256: 9238e7900182607ed7fd782b8dd20b7d75a879177bd00461d771664d917df183
What this establishes
The raw-pulse foundation can physically exist as an analog oscillator producing electrical transitions counted by ATmega328P hardware Timer1 peripherals.
Observation identity is separate from raw-pulse evidence. When the physical source is stopped, identities do not cause the hardware count or Pi bridge representation of that count to advance.
What this does not establish
These experiments do not claim Arduino or Pi software is incapable of error or deception, nor that the LM555 is a final astronomical oscillator. Source, firmware, raw files and hashes remain inspectable.
CURRENT
Physical verification · Stage 11 PASS
Pi physical evidence bridge · v1.1
Physical apparatus may remain offline / on-demand.
NEXT
Physical evidence → Jovian recurrence consumer
Io × 4
Europa × 2
Ganymede × 1
↓
common recovered Jovian ruler
↓
Mintaka
↓
Sol
↓
Sun-return
↓
DAY_PHASE17